Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Address Inspiring The...

Steve Jobs’ Stanford Commencement Address: Inspiring the Next Generation of Students/Innovators On June 12, 2005, Steve Jobs delivered a profound and influential speech addressing the commencement of Stanford’s graduating students. Steve Jobs was most known for being the co-founder and CEO of Apple Inc., but was also less known for being founder of neXt and CEO of Pixar Animation throughout certain periods of his life. One of the reasons for observing this speech is primarily because Jobs is arguably considered one of the most innovative icon and leader of the 21st century who not only â€Å"directly helped change and improve not only the PC business (Macintosh, iMac, MacBook Air, iPad), but also the music (iPod, iTouch, iTunes), smartphone†¦show more content†¦As for the social and/or economic status, since Stanford University is considered one of the most â€Å"prestigious† schools in America, it is a safe assumption that the statuses of these students were homogenous to one another and above the status of the â€Å"average† American student. Be sides for those people who were present and personally witnessed this address from Steve Jobs, the speech was also recorded and uploaded to Stanford’s website and their YouTube page. Originally stemming from both of these two sources, this recorded video of the speech eventually found its way all over the crevasses of the internet. Just these two videos, from the two original sources alone, has cumulatively received an additional 26 million views. These additional views consisted of a larger, more general audience, having a greater range of diversification in the age, race, gender, religion, nationality, and social/economic statuses compared to those of the immediate audience. The general purpose was to address the commencement of Stanford’s graduating students for their educational achievement. More specifically, Steve Jobs wanted to inspire and influence this audience of graduating students in hopes that they will apply this advice for their future of successes that are accompanied by the inevitable failures and hardships. While Jobs referred to his own personal narratives of success and failure throughout, he was determined to reach the audience on a moreShow MoreRelatedInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesnow and read it tonight. Tomorrow you will learn more, create more, inspire more.† Chairman of the Executive Committee, Intuit Inc. â€Å" e Innovator’s DNA sheds new light on the once-mysterious art of innovation by showing that successful innovators exhibit common behavioral habits—habits that can boost anyone’s creative capacity.† author, e 7 Habits of Highly E ective People and e Leader in Me â€Å"Having worked with Clayton Christensen on innovation for over a decade, I can see that eRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group BehaviorRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesmanaging one or more projects. This text is designed to provide project managers and prospective project managers with the knowledge and skills that are transferable across industries and countries. Our motivation for writing this text was to provide students with a holistic, integrative view of project management. A holistic view focuses on how projects contribute to the strategic goals of the organization. The linkages for integration include the process of selecting projects that best support the strategy

Analysis of Thomas Mores Utopia Essay - 527 Words

What is it about Thomas Mores Utopia that makes it as accessible and relevant to a 21st century westernized Catholic teenage boy as it did to an 18th century middle aged Jewish women? Utopia, a text written 500 odd years ago in differing country and language, is still a valid link to a contemporary understanding of society, human nature and morals. Through Mores Utopia, it becomes evident that the trans-historical and trans-cultural nature of the text emerges through Mores conscious and subconscious inclusion of universal human truths, in particular those of happiness, money and values, which allows the reader a higher quality of textual engagement and insight. Whilst More may be intending to simply tell the story of a travellers†¦show more content†¦This interpretation continued instinctively throughout the text to its conclusion and, with the newly acquired knowledge of Mores personal characteristics, was only transformed until I was presented with the moral working of both characters during my re-reading. More, as a character, was portrayed as cold, critical and clinical in his manner whilst Raphael was depicted as a man of high moral value and of independent opinion. With friend and theorist Erasmus describing him as quot;Born and framed for friendship, and...no one is less led by the opinions of the crowd, yet no one departs less from common sensequot;. With this description, as well as numerous others, an understanding of More comes through quite strongly, as a man of independence; a man of morality and a man quot;so free from vicequot; (Erasmus). With this awareness of More, the human author, and the personal attributes like ned to him and the near identical traits clearly emerging through the character Raphael; I, the reader, make the conscious agreement that More, the author, is transparent through Raphael. Due to the highly controversial opinions that More was making in the text: * quot;...As long as there is property and money, no nation will be ruled justly, or be happy.quot; * quot;There are dreadful punishments enacted against thievesquot; (Raphael against laws of the time) and the pressures of society at the time to be of the same mind to theShow MoreRelatedKirstie Williams. Benson. English 271 Distance Education.1481 Words   |  6 PagesUtopia’s role in the common laws, the religious freedoms, and dystopia/utopia similarities throughout More’s literature. I. Introduction A. Imagine you are a sailor, sailing the vast emptiness of the ocean. B. To your dismay, the storm thrashes waves against your boat. C. You find yourself on the island of Thomas More’s Utopia D. Some facts about Thomas More II. Common Law / Commonplace / Customs A. The commons in Thomas More’s Utopia are drastically different from the society in which he lived. B. ThusRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Inferno And Thomas More s Satirical Dialogue `` Utopia ``1366 Words   |  6 Pages characters, and theme.. Dante’s Inferno and Thomas More’s Utopia are perfect examples of the use of irony as they utilized the various techniques throughout their stories. There are a plethora of accounts where irony is apparent, including the sceneries, dialogue, and titles that are portrayed in their work. This essay will examine and compare the uses of irony in Dante Alighieri’s narrative poem, Inferno and Thomas More’s satirical dialogue, Utopia. Dante’s Inferno describes distinctive usesRead MoreLife During The Renaissance Era997 Words   |  4 PagesFaerie Queene, Sir Thomas More, author of Utopia, the records of Anne Askew’s burning, From the First Examination of Anne Askew and John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments, provide insight into the political climate of spiritual reform in the renaissance era. These authors critiqued life during the renaissance and used their writings to protest the old ways, encouraging England to abandon its Catholic roots in favor of Protestantism. Sir Thomas More’s radical ideas portrayed in Utopia help lay the foundationRead MoreEssay on Utopia1351 Words   |  6 Pages Thomas More’s, Utopia is one of the most politically and socially influential texts to date. His audience, which ranges from academic and social scholars to college students, all can gain a different understanding of the work and it’s meaning. In order to fully comprehend More’s message, one must have an appreciation for the time and culture in which he lived. After grasping historical concepts, one reads Utopia, not as just a volume recounting a fictitious island society, but rather as a critiqueRead MoreLeadership Is Not Changed Over The Course Of Time952 Words   |  4 PagesThe definition of leadership has not changed over the course of time. Through a compare and contrast method of analysis, one can glean the common traits of a leader from Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Thomas More’s Utopia, and Queen Elizabethâ€℠¢s speech to the Spanish Armada. Leadership can be defined as a person who is able to relate to their subjects, accept their responsibilities as a leader, and has a following of supportive people. In Queen Elizabeth’s speech to her troops at Tilbury, she evinces herRead MoreThe And The Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1260 Words   |  6 Pagestwo of the most well known fundamentalist societies in literature history: Utopia by Sir Thomas More, and The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. Both authors acknowledge that property represents a significant threat to governments that aim to have an equal society where every citizen contributes to the well being of the nation. Thus, property is restricted because it fosters individualism. First, through the analysis of More’s ideal society, one can understand the importance of restricting privateRead More Is Mores Utopia a Product of Its Time? Essay2077 Words   |  9 PagesSir Thomas More in 1516 first conceived utopia while he served as an ambassador For England on a party expedition to Flanders. In England his vocation was law and he held the position of Under-Sheriff his knowledge in this area is an obvious influence in Utopian society. Utopia is a chronicle of Mores fictitious meeting with Raphael Hythlodaeus a traveller who has lived in Island, republic society of Utopia for five years. Almost five hundred years after its writing utopia is still the subject ofRead MoreEssay Utopia4252 Words   |  18 PagesUtopia In the year 1515, a book in Latin text was published which became the most significant and controversial text ever written in the field of political science. Entitled, ‘DE OPTIMO REIPUBLICATE STATU DEQUE NOVA INSULA UTOPIA, clarissimi disertissimique viri THOMAE MORI inclutae civitatis Londinensis civis et Vicecomitis’, translated into English would read, ‘ON THE BEST STATE OF A COMMONWEALTH AND ON THE NEW ISLAND OF UTOPIA, by the Most Distinguished and Eloquent Author THOMAS MORERead MoreEssay on Comparing Societies: Why Utopian Freedom is Best2107 Words   |  9 Pagesfreedom maintains certain features regardless of how it is interpreted. The relationship between freedom, justice and societal goals is one of these features. Through this relationship we will explore both the nature and the quality of freedom in Thomas More’s Utopia. What relationship exists between freedom, justice and societal goals? To answer this question we, like Plato, should look to a model society. Our model society will have a goal: a characteristic that makes a model citizen and which the populaceRead MoreAnalysis Of Aurobindo s Theory For Mandala Essay1819 Words   |  8 Pagesof today’s world, Ruth Levitas, author of perhaps most complete history of the concept of utopia to date, suggest three different bases for defining utopia – â€Å"content, form and function†. She points out that liberal humanist tradition neglects functions and focuses on matter of form and content, in terms of various canons how utopian works. However, the objective behind this research is not to define Utopia. What I am trying to evaluate is a perspective of Auroville for the better world through

What Was Revolutionary About the French Revolution Free Essays

string(99) " offices in the parliaments and several of its inferior courts had been nought on the open market\." What was revolutionary about the French Revolution? Since the beginning of history itself, several and numerous people, inventions, ideologies or behaviours were immediately attached to a particular and self-explanatory concept such as revolutionary. As the time goes by its outreaching characteristics and meaning remains the same. A revolutionary is an individual who either actively participates in or advocates revolution. We will write a custom essay sample on What Was Revolutionary About the French Revolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now When used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, abrupt impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavour. The tern – both as a noun and adjective – is usually applied to the field of politics and is occasionally used in the context of science, invention or art. [1] One of the themes in modern European history which can be directly linked with this concept is the French Revolution. The main interrogation remains in â€Å"What was revolutionary about the French Revolution? † In order to answer to this question it is necessary to acknowledge the reasons or origins of the revolution, which initiated or motivated this event and finally, which was the impact and importance of it. The French Revolution is considered one of the greatest social and political upheavals in European History and its tremors can still occasionally be felt. In the popular imagination, the magical figure 1789 conjures up conflicting images of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity alongside the â€Å"tricoteuse† and the â€Å"guillotine†, of a revolution that offered individual choice and freedom, but that was transformed first into terror and subsequently the caesarism of napoleon. [2] These events continue to fascinate historians and the causes and consequences of the French Revolution continue to be a rich source of debate. The revolution started in 1789 and the exact date of its end it is still uncertain but studies believe it lasted almost ten years. 3]A series of political and social crises led up to it: widespread of popular discontent because of poverty which was highly influenced by the taxation system implement by the king Louis XVI in order to maintain his own luxurious and extravagant lifestyle, the wave of unemployment, the growth of the bourgeoisie , an agricultural crisis which left the population in a state of hun ger and resentment, the royal treasure’s state became desperate because of help given to The American revolt against Britain which lead to drastic solutions such as educing the privileges of the aristocracy and clergy producing revolt on their part among several other origins. The king offered no lead and the result was a government trapped by the Estates General. The political initiative was not so much lost as given away, and it was considered the perfect opportunity to ambitious or radical deputies such as Mirabeau, Lafayette, Sieyes and Le Chapelier to come to the front. [4] Under their influence the third estate, representing a minimum of 98 per cent of the population, declared itself the National Assembly on the 17th of June. 5] Due to this action, the deputies broke the umbilical cord connecting them to the society of orders marking the birth of the sovereign nation and the death of the old regime. The revolution had begun officially. By the end of June, effective power was draining away from the monarchy and the political failing of Louis XVI (who reigned from 1774-92) was observed once more after the violence in the capital culminating in the storming of the Bastille on the July 14th. The fall of the Bastille was nevertheless highly noteworthy equally as a political Symbol and as a result of the municipal revolutions that followed. In Paris, order was restored by the newly created National Guard, headed by another ambitious aristocrat – Lafayette – , and effective power passed into the hands of the elected municipality (leaving royal officials with little more than their titles). Throughout France, the conventional power of governors, parliaments and intendants dissolved. Between the 14th of July and the formal promulgation of a new constitution in September 1791 France was witness to an unprecedented wave of reform. As for Louis XVI, he was largely excluded from the process of national restoration and it symbolized one of the revolution’s most striking achievements: the transfer of sovereignty from the king to the National Assembly. [6] As calm was being restored in Paris, information regarding rural revolution began to reach the city. The peasantry proved itself to be much more persistent and determined than the revolutionary politicians and by July 1793 had won a complete victory as seigneurialism and tithes disappeared from the French countryside forever. The night of 4th of August was considered essential for the upcoming path of reform in a way that it removed the particularist obstacles and corporate mentality that had so often impeded the monarchy. Nevertheless, it was the Declaration of the rights of man, adopted by the National Assembly on 26 of August, which most clearly indicated the new philosophy of government. Written by Lafayette, the Declaration was a manifesto for liberal revolution. Men were assured equal in rights and such fundamental values as freedom of speech and of the press, religious toleration, equality before the law, freedom from arbitrary arrest and open competition for public office, decreed in a series of imposing articles. No less imperative was the claim that sovereignty belongs to the nation, ideology that justified everything accomplished afterwards. 7] Jointly, the night of the 4th July and the Declaration of the rights of man are a symbol of a revolution that literally destroyed the old social and institutional map of France and sought to apply rational and enlightened principles to the construction of its successor. Internal tolls and duties were abolished, free trade in grain restored and guilds and professional monopolies damaged, old provinces were replaced by eighty-three departments of compa rable size and identical administrative structure. Those departments were divided into districts, which in turns were sub-divided in communes. In August 1790, the parliaments were abolished and legal hierarchy reconstructed. Under the old regime, offices in the parliaments and several of its inferior courts had been nought on the open market. You read "What Was Revolutionary About the French Revolution" in category "Papers" That abuse was reformed and the democratic principle was put into place as future judges were to be elected. One final example of their power was the abolition of nobility in June 1790, which came to reassure that only equal citizens remained. Despite all these significant and revolutionary reforms, it was the financial crisis that had been the immediate cause of the monarchy’s collapse and the revolutionaries were expected to provide a solution. It became even more complicated to achieve it due to the integral collapse of the existing administrative and fiscal system and the disturbances in the countryside where taxes were not being paid. In order to meet its obligations, the state began to print money which benefited from the public confidence in the National Assembly. Numerous tangible grounds for confidence were provided in November 1789, when the Assembly, voted to confiscate the lands of the church. The effective nationalization of between 5 and 10 per cent of the land in the kingdom provided collateral for state credit and a source of income when the decision was taken to sell these â€Å"biens nationaux†. By continuing to print paper money against the value of the land seized from the church, their financial worries were solved – at least in the short term. The revolution gained another primordial asset by selling the â€Å"biens natiounaux†. Those who had invested had a vested interest in the consolidation and defence of the new regime. [8] Another revolutionary reform included a complete transformation of the church. Aided by Jansenist priests, the Civil Constitution of the Clergy was drafted and unveiled in July 1790. Rational enlightened thinking was brought to bear upon the workings of the Catholic Church and like judges and officials in the administrative and political hierarchy, parish priests were subject to elections by district electoral assemblies. As this brief survey which clearly explained the significant changes occurring in France and the impact they possessed in society, has indicated, the National Assembly was responsible for a programme of reform which transformed the social and institutional life of France. â€Å"The patchwork quilt of particularist rights and privileges was replaced by a greater emphasis upon the rights of the individual and the concept of equality before the authority of the state. †[9] Although, revolutionaries were not satisfied as they wanted to merge the world into their sea of values, ideologies and revolution. The revolutionaries of 1792 began a war which extended through the Imperial period and forced nations to marshal their resources to a greater extent than ever before. Some areas, like Belgium and Switzerland, became client states of France with reforms similar to those of the revolution. National identities also began coalescing like never before. The many and fast developing ideologies of the revolution were also spread across Europe, helped by French being the continental elite’s dominant language. If the National Assembly had actually reinvigorated France, the constitution created to improve the country was a disaster. Within twelve months the monarchy had been defeated by the second revolutionary wave of August 1792 resulting in the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793. Another example of the extremely radical path the revolution was taking is the treatment of the church. The reality was that not satisfied, the revolutionaries proceeded to execute the nonconformists. As the revolution slid into Terror after 1792, the clergy was increasingly seen as the agent of counter-revolution. In the short-term, the religious policies of successive governments after 1790 created unnecessary enemies for the revolution. Revolutionaries started to then use war as a way of forcing the king, and any other â€Å"enemies†, to declare themselves whole-heartedly for the revolution. It was therefore; with mixed motives the French began their battle to export revolution to Europe. It can be considered that the use of Terror was simply a form of political strategy but in the minds of the revolutionaries it had a deeper reason. They believed they were creating a new society, a new man and to do so they needed to destroy the idea, beliefs and patterns of behaviour of the old. Terror was paving the way to a republic virtue and those who would stand in the way of the march of progress would be discarded. It was the integral part of the vision and ideology of a revolution. [10] Between 1789 and 1799, the French Revolution offered a spectacle which inspired and horrified the people of France and Europe ever since. The overthrown of the monarchy, the attack on the church, the declaration of the principles of civic equality and national sovereignty along the destruction of seigneurialism were an admonition to the other monarchies in Europe and an example to their rivals. For liberals the values and ideas of 1789 and the Declaration of the rights of the man continue to possess repercussions nowadays. Throughout the nineteenth century the radical revolution was the source of inspiration for republican and left-wing movements all over the world. On the other hand, conservatives remained fearful of a further outbreak of revolutionary passion. It influenced and leaded to other revolutions in most of the European nations, America and several other countries around the world. The French Revolution was a defining moment in the development of all shades of political opinion, changed views and values, implemented new laws and behaviours. It left no one indifferent and for that reason it can be considered one of the most revolutionary procedures of modern history. Bibliography †¢ Soanes, Catherine, Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English, Oxford University Press, 2008 †¢ Hillis, William, A metrical history of the life and times of Napoleon Bonaparte, G. P. Putnam’s sons, 1896 †¢ Blanc, Louis, History of the French Revolution of 1789 – Volume 1, 1848 Pilbeam, Pamela, Themes in modern European History 1780 – 1830, Routledge, 1995 †¢ Baker, Keith, The Old Regime and the French Revolution, University of Chicago Press, 1987 †¢ Gardiner, Bertha, The French revolution 1789-1795, Longmans, Green, 1893 †¢ Lough, Muriel, An introduction to nineteenth century France, Longman, 1978 †¢ Salvemini, Gaetano, The French Revolution, 1788- 1792, Holt, 1954 ———————– [1] Soanes, Catherine, Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English, Oxford University Press, 2008 [2] Hillis, William, A metrical history of the life and times of Napol eon Bonaparte, G. P. Putnam’s sons, 1896, page 48 [3] Blanc, Louis, History of the French Revolution of 1789 – Volume 1, 1848, page 480 [4] Pilbeam, Pamela, Themes in modern European History 1780 – 1830, Routledge, 1995, page 19 [5] Baker, Keith, The Old Regime and the French Revolution, University of Chicago Press, 1987, page 148 [6] Gardiner, Bertha, The French revolution 1789-1795, Longmans, Green, 1893, page 46 [7] Pilbeam, Pamela, Themes in modern European history 1780-1830, Routledge, 1995, page 22 [8] Lough, Muriel, An introduction to nineteenth century France, Longman, 1978, page 55 [9] Pilbeam, Pamela, Themes in Modern European History, New York, 1995, page 24 [10] Salvemini, Gaetano, The French Revolution, 1788- 1792, Holt, 1954, page 186 How to cite What Was Revolutionary About the French Revolution, Papers

Creativity Cannot Be Learnedâ€Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write an Essay on Creativity Cannot Be Learned: It Is Innate. Answer: In order to actualise talent management in different organisations, one needs to conceptualise the formation of talent within an individual. In this case, different conflicting questions arise pertaining to the generation of talent and acquisition of the same. The following essay tries to revoke the thesis statement that creativity cannot be learned as it is an innate trait of a human being. However, the process of validation goes on to argue and counter argue different theories proposed by different scholars. For instance, Aristotle has observed that human act of creativity is procreated by imitation of the acts of natural beings. In the reflection of learning guide, Aristotle has further explained that human learning can be categorised with different segments such as student centred learning and subject centred learning. Since the statement succinctly denotes that prowess of innate talent thus presiding over the concept of earned talent, it does not qualify the notion of trait theo ry of leadership. In order to proceed with the argument both European and Exotic philosophical discourses are going to be considered as driving force to establish the fact. In his book Symposium Plato has agreed to the fact that wisdom, virtue, temperance and justice are considered as human ideas. As per the understanding of Plato, these ideas are auto-generated within the soul of a human being. However, Plato has self argument as well saying- But souls are pregnant for there certainly are men who are more creative in their souls than their bodies... (libertyfund.org 2017). The self duality undergone by Plato clearly states that there is a conflict between human body and human soul. In Symposium Plato has clearly stated that human being goes on comparing human soul that conceives creativity that works as a tool to help a human being execute those ideas emerging from the inner self of a human being (Oliveira). On the other hand, a doha (lyrical poem) clearly supports the fact that a dumb becomes intelligent with the help of persistence likewise a stone gets mark after being continuously rubbed by rope. Philosophical differences in the countries in different cultures have been depicting the concept in various ways with own perception. Persistence relates someone to the process of learning (Cowie and Fiona). According to Meyers, Woerkom and Dries, talent is somehow an auto gen erated idea that has its root within the conscious self of an individual. Relating to the conscious of a human being, the concept of Freud can be taken in to consideration. In terms of psychoanalysis studied and conceptualised by Sigmund Freud the human psychological interpretation has been taken in to account. Freud has skilfully defined creativity and denoted the process off creativity in a psychological angle. Freud has defined creativity as an alternative to neurosis. Creativity according to Freud is a defence mechanism that protects neurosis from internal damage of inaction. It leads a human being to produce socially acceptable ideas with the help of his or her talent. Freuds concept of relation between neurosis and creativity has become phenomenal in terms of considering human talent of social intervention (Kipling, Freud and Lacan). Freud stated that human psychology consisting of id, ego and super ego helps him or her establish creation of his or her own in order to unveil the talent. It can thus be stated that talent lies within the human being that does not need to undergo learning procedure. It cannot be rejected that talent has direct linkag e with the psychological trait of a human being. However, many of the scholars have been defying the concept that talent cannot be learned from any external sources. Since psychological interpretation only encompasses the basic trait of human being that is not controlled by the will power of an individual it cannot be confirmed that psychoanalytic tools can determine the statement in its establishment. As a matter of fact, it can be stated that external forces can also play as an important determinant to find out different ways of learning. In this concept it can be stated that the basic understanding of the peoples has been captivated in to a certain limitation that skips addressing the major concept of the actual method. In a matter of fact, it can be stated that the entire understanding of the people have been circulating through the concept of effort making process. Twenty first century has literally debunked the myth of genius as the source of creativity. It is true that people earlier used to romanticize the concept of creativity and its automatic source from a genius. However, in the twenty first century the world has opened to all and the basic understanding of different concepts has been able to reach to the greater number of people with the effective outbreak of media and information and communication system. The special category called the genius has been eradicated from the common notion of human behaviour. The romanticization of creativity and innovation has been taken under the consideration with effective teaching process and training tools. With the help of innovation in technological tools, greater number of human being has been introduced to the scientific path of knowledge gaining process. Knowledge gaining process has now become much global than singular. Hence, a greater number of learners are enjoying knowledge and information so as to develop their own idea ad innovation. Moreover, if one considers Aristotles notion of mimesis there is nothing called innovation. Talent management process, hence, in recent years has been focusing on to the moulding of character rather than believing in the myth born genius. A genius is not born, he is rather moulded (Sforza). It can thus be concluded that creativity can be learned with the assistance of different assisting prowess of human being. as per the belief of 21st century, every individual constitutes the power of innovation and creativity that has to be identified and unveiled with the help of proper training. Identification of creativity within the self has become greater a notion than considering the fact that creativity is an innate talent. It is an innate talent, indeed. However, it can also be attained through proper learning process Reference: "Plato Believed That Great Souls And Creative Talents Produce Offspring Which Can Be Enjoyed By Others: Wisdom, Virtue, Poetry, Art, Temperance, Justice, And The Law (340S BC) - Online Library Of Liberty". Oll.Libertyfund.Org, 2017, https://oll.libertyfund.org/quote/166. Cowie, Fiona. "Innateness And Language". Plato.Stanford.Edu, 2017, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/innateness-language/. Kipling, Rudyard, Sigmund Freud, and Jacques Lacan. "5 Styling the Subject of Creative Writing."Towards a Poetics of Creative Writing10 (2015): 78. Meyers, M. Christina, Marianne van Woerkom, and Nicky Dries. "TalentInnate or acquired? Theoretical considerations and their implications for talent management."Human Resource Management Review23.4 (2013): 305-321. Oliveira, Richard Romeiro. "EROS, HUMAN NATURE AND PHILOSOPHY IN PLATO'S SYMPOSIUM."HYPNOS36 (2016): 25-64. Sforza, Dario. "The Inclusion of Cognitive Complexity: A Content Analysis of New Jersey's Current and Past Intended Curriculum." (2014).

Magnificent Music Essay Example Essay Example

Magnificent Music Essay Example Paper Magnificent Music Essay Introduction Magnificent Music Magnificent Music Essay Body Paragraphs Introduction Every organization or company should foster resilience strategy in order to thrive in the constantly changing market. This requires the company to take advantage of the numerous opportunities to advance its performance for good returns while still focused on its business goals. Success will depend on well-defined strategies that encompass all aspects, which will keep the company at the forefront in competition. Resilience strategy allows the company to develop a performance culture including human factors necessary for managing change. Aquaswift is a brand new organization founded by a small group of entrepreneurs. The company will have its focus on selling beverages that include fresh juices, bottled water, alcoholic and soft drinks. The management team intends on taking a Human Factors class to ensure that every employee adheres to the code of ethics and it administers with the right approach (Miller, 2012). Previously, the current members of staff were in companies th at rewarded wrong things and there were limited efforts towards success. Therefore, the new company has developed a new concept as a competitive advantage in the market. Aquaswift plans to have a large number of employees who have expertise in a variety of instruments and voice to produce magnificent music. Thus, the criteria of recruiting the company’s staff will depend on the applicant’s music capability and the ability of the applicant in performing mundane tasks in the office as well to increase Aquaswift’s business performance. The company aims at having flexible employees who can perform different required tasks. In order to maintain employee loyalty the management will ensure that they are satisfied and their interests are considered. This new organization should exhibit explosive growth by having its employees hired frequently for music performances or concerts. Clients describe the type of events they need the musicians for and the company chooses vario us individuals among the employees. Therefore, the company must employ a favorable ethics policy to have sustainable growth with a dedicated and resilient staff. Ethics Policy Aquaswift expects that all employees, clients, suppliers and other stakeholders comply with the code of ethics in the business environment. It intends to create an admirable organization culture. The ethics policy will highlight mechanisms for enforcement and consequences of non-compliance to protect the new organization from misconduct by any of the stakeholders (Miller, 2012). The policy will also provide guidelines for the large number of employees to prevent them from breaching rules in the organization. Moral values in the organization will help it to establish a reputable culture as it will uphold fairness and equality in favor of employees. Since Aquaswift has its focus on robust growth, the ethics policy will unite people in the organization creating feasible strategies and new ideas. Therefore, the co de of ethics will assure the company long-term profitability. Conduct and Behavior Standards All Aquaswift employees should perform their tasks with professionalism with an aim of contributing to the success of the organization. They should base their interests in the organization’s standards and values in the business environment. Ethical business practice will be evident in each employee’s integrity and honesty. Employees must prepare detailed financial and marketing reports with precision and be flexible enough to have good musical performances for the organization’s image. Misuse of Aquaswift’s property such as internet services, musical instruments, telephone services, beverages and other supplies will exhibit as unethical conduct. Employees should only use the resources for the benefit of the organization. There will disciplinary action on employee misconduct. Involvement in the Community One of Aquaswift’s goals is to support the communityâ €™s initiatives and local charities by sponsoring activities that improve the welfare of people in the environment. Every docket in the organization should to support the community initiatives through its charitable donations policy. The organization will produce voluntary music concerts with performance from the employees twice a year to entertain the community and ensure that people have a good perception of its image. Information Security Each employee should practice confidentiality in handling organization’s ideas, secrets, marketing and pricing strategies, customer lists and valuable business assets. Employees should not disclose the company’s valuable information to any outsider without authorization and should use the discrete information to gain a better understanding of the organizations business strategies and plans. Aquaswift’s business plan will face distortion if there is inadequate protection of information. Leaked information will limit its c ompetitive advantage in the market and reduce its chances of success. Employment and Discrimination Aquaswift employs human resilience strategy requiring its employees to be flexible in all the operational activities. In this regard, the organization values all its employees because they have immense contribution towards its success. Employees are talented in the field of music and can execute office tasks as well. Therefore, they are entitled to fair terms of employment and appropriate opportunities to develop both musical and official skills. The top management should honor the applicable terms and conditions for employment. It is the duty of Aquaswift to provide a favorable working environment for its workforce. The environment should promote good health and human safety. The company encourages the employees to report health and safety concerned to the person in charge in the business unit. Aquaswift encourages diversity and inclusion hence; all employees regardless of their race , religion, culture, gender, disability or sexual orientation should enjoy equality, dignity and respect. Any form of harassment or humanity violation is a breach of the code of ethics. Ethics in Marketplace All promotional activities of Aquaswift should be truthful and proper. The organization should maintain fair and ethical practices in the market competition. There will be no exaggeration in the advertisement of the company’s beverages. Products and services should stand on their own merit and quality. Valuable product information such as on alcoholic drinks should be included in the advertisement to show that excessive alcohol consumption is harmful to one’s health (Lawrence, Weber, 2011). The organization should provide customers with adequate information concerning the products, prices and services and apply supply terms when dealing with suppliers. Aquaswift must not infringe on the patents, copyright or trademark of other competitors in the market. The compan y’s staff should deal with client and supplier complaints fairly and with immediacy. Compliance with Laws Aquaswift recognizes and respects the laws and regulations of the countries and other jurisdictions of its operational activities. It is the duty of the top management of each docket to ensure that employees follow the law to the letter (Miller, 2012). Therefore, employees should communicate with their particular managers to verify the laws to avoid misinterpretation. The company should handle government contracts and tenders through control procedures. The law prohibits beverage companies from selling alcoholic drinks to persons under the age of 18 years. Aquaswift upholds this law by ensuring that clients of alcoholic drinks are above the ages of 18 years through an identification system. The organization also observes the rule of business tax and employee income tax. Disciplinary Action There will be disciplinary action on individuals in the organization who breach the ethics policy. Employees who infringe Aquaswift’s ethical standards will face oral or written reprimand. Further breach can result to suspension of the employee or termination of the employment contract (Sharp, 2006). Employees are required to report incidences of misconduct or infringements to the appropriate authority for rectifications and resolutions. The senior management and the business unit management should also respect the rights of the employees. Policy Implementation and Concerns Every employee and supplier should possess a copy of the ethics policy and should adhere to each requirement. Each business unit of the organization has a manager whose duty is to oversee the performance of employees in his or her docket in relation to the ethics policy (Wheelen Hunger, 2010). The senior management receives reports on all employee concerns due to vagueness in the organization. It is the duty of managers and officers to investigate alleged violations of the organizationà ¢â‚¬â„¢s ethics policy so that it experiences business continuity and success. The board of directors will address the proven violations or infringements and ensure fulfillment of the organization’s legal obligations. Conclusion Concisely, Aquaswift’s ethical policy will give it a clear direction of operating its activities to experience robust growth. It will also enable the organization to integrate the magnificent music concept in its business activities and ensure that employees cooperate with limited tension. A common culture will unite all stakeholders and improve the company’s image thereby attracting more clients to buy its products and services. The resilience strategy incorporated in the policy will serve to put it at the forefront in the competitive market. Therefore, the policy will magnify the efforts of every employee towards success and ensure that business practices are in line with ethical values that reflect human factors. References Lawrence, A. T., Weber, J. (2011). Business and society: Stakeholders, ethics, public policy. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Miller, L. R. (2012). Fundamentals of Business Law: Summarized Cases. Cengage Learning. Sharp, D. J. (2006). Cases in business ethics. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2010). Strategic management and business policy: Achieving sustainability. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall. We will write a custom essay sample on Magnificent Music Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Magnificent Music Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Magnificent Music Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Holden Caufield Essays - Literary Realism, The Catcher In The Rye

Holden Caufield Essays - Literary Realism, The Catcher In The Rye Holden Caufield In JD Salingers' Catcher in the Rye, a troubled teenager named Holden Caufield struggles with the fact that everyone has to grow up. The book gets its title from Holden's constant concern with the loss of innocence. He did not want children to grow up because he felt that adults are corrupt. This is seen when Holden tries to erase naughty words from the walls of an elementary school where his younger sister Phoebe attended. While I was sitting down, I saw something that drove me crazy. Somebody'd written 'Fuck you' on the wall. It drove me damn near crazy. I thought how Phoebe and all the other little kids would see it, and how they'd wonder what the hell it meant, and then finally some dirty kid would tell them- all cockeyed, naturally- what it meant, and how they'd all think about it and maybe even worry about it for a couple of days. I kept wanting to kill whoever'd written it. I figured it was some perverty bum that'd sneaked in the school late at night to take a leak or something and then wrote it on the wall. I kept picturing myself catching him at it, and how I'd smash his head on the stone steps till hew as good and goddam dead and bloody. (201) His deep concern with impeccability caused him to create stereotypes of a hooligan that would try to corrupt the children of an elementary school. Holden believed that children were innocent because they viewed the world and society without any bias. When Phoebe asked him to name something that he would like to be when he grew up, the only thing he would have liked to be was a catcher in the rye. He invented an illusion for himself of a strange fantasy. He stated that he would like to follow a poem by Robert Burns: If a body catch a body comin' through the rye. He kept picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody's around- nobody big, I mean- except me. And I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff- I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That|s all I'd do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only thing I'd really like to be. (173) Holden wants to stop children from falling into losing their innocence and becoming an adult, and he takes pleasure in the attempted thwarting of maturation. In the beginning of Catcher in the Rye, his initial character is one of a child. Throughout the book, he takes steps and the forces of change take a toll on his childish ways. In the end, he seems to be changed into a man. Holden is definitely extremely immature in the beginning of the book. He characterizes almost every person he meets as a phony. He feels that he is surrounded by hypocrites in a school filled with fakery. Principal Thurmer, the principal of Holden's high school, Pencey, was the leader of the whole charade. During a teacher/parent day, Principal Thurmer would only say hello to the wealthy parents of students. He would not associate himself with those that were not financially stable, because he was a phony. Holden also maintains a lack of responsibility throughout the whole book. He was the equipment manager of the fencing team at Pencey, but he lost the equipment on the subway. He also failed out of two schools for lack of effort and absences from classes. Holden also had a daydream about two children who never grew up, whore main in a perfect world forever. This daydream is a result of his younger brother Allie's death. Allie represents the unchangeable youth of which Holden must let go if he ever expects to maintain sanity. Holden has a fixation on childhood, which shows itself in many forms. His glorification of children, inordinate admiration of Phoebe, idealization of his dead younger brother, and the joy he gets from reminiscing about his own childhood all contribute to his obsession with innocence and youth. Throughout the middle of the book, forces of change unfold

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Personal reflection on CFA level 2 financial reporting and analysis - Essay Example Another important lesson learnt is on how to improve the manner in which organizations are able to improve the quality of their financial reporting. This information was very useful to me. This is because it would help me in the identification of proper accounting procedures that can help in the prevention of fraud. Companies such as Enron were able to fall, mostly because they were not using proper accounting procedures that could reflect the true value of their transactions or assets. Other lessons that were of critical importance was on the analysis of multi-national operations, and on inter-corporate investments. Of particular concern to me, was on the analysis of multi-national operations. We are in the age of globalization, and hence there is a need of understanding the manner in which international trade is carried out (Lee & Lee, 2005). As an analyst for an international investment company, the knowledge derived from this class was very important to me, and this is because it gave me an understanding on how multi-national companies behave, and why there is a need of developing an international accounting system that can be used throughout the world. IFRS is an example of such an accounting system, and this was well covered in the class (Albrecht, Stice & Stice, 2011). It is important to explain that the most challenging concepts, while studying in this class, touched on inter-corporate investments. This was a very difficult concept to me, and this is because I failed to understand how a company could invest in the equity or debts of other companies. However, I managed to bridge this gap, by carrying out further research on this aspect of inter-corporate investment. The materials used were from financial journals, books, and various financial websites. In the end, I acquired knowledge on inter-corporate investments, and I knew the reasons companies

Fiction Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Constitutional Rights and Discrimination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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American National Identity And National Parks History Essay

American National Identity And National Parks History Essay Natural identity can be simply defined as the individuals sense of belonging to a nation. It is the thread that binds the citizens of a particular nation together and gives them the pride of belonging to the country. According to Smith national identity serves three important functions; it provides an answer to the fear of personal oblivion through identification with a nation since the nation is far greater and stronger than the individual; is this your language? national identity offers the individual personal renewal and self-worth by being a member of a super family politically and thirdly it promotes the realization of fraternity feelings more so through the use of symbols and ceremony  [1]  . Remember: punctuation inside of note numbers! Make sure you really paraphrase or quote directly. This seems not like your language. Every nation around the world has its main national identity. For some, it could be talking the same language as it happens in most European countries where nations are defined by their language such as France for the French speakers, Spain for the Spanish speakers, Portugal for the Portuguese speakers among others. [awk and unclear] In other countries national identity is defined by ethnic composition for example Slovakia for the Slovaks, Albania for the Albanians and Armenia for the Armenians. In other countries national identity is defined by religion such as in the Muslim countries and in Israel. [I think this is pretty simplistic national identity is much more complicated than this] America however is unique because it is a mixture of all. The Americans cannot be judged by race because all races are represented, neither by language because virtually all major languages are represented, neither by culture because America is a boiling [melting?] pot of all major cultures nor by r eligion because all major world religions are represented in America by a substantial number  [2]  . [awk] is this a point you are making or one that someone else has made that you are using. Make that clear. Americans often face the great task of establishing national identity for themselves. [think about that different types of national identity coexist there are battles in all countries about what constitutes Britishness or Americanness or Frenchness. Maybe its more complicated in the US, but Im not sure, but I dont think American are unique in having to choose among different ideas of the nation which are presented in a variety of ways] Because of the importance of nature to American self-identity, [you need to show this, not assert it] environmentalism questions have always tended to take on ideological and national significance. Preservation of natural spaces in America has involved both the creation of an alternative cultural space for the nation and creation of America as a nation  [3]  . [unclear] Americans found in national parks a unifying factor; a national identity that is to America what culture [culture is a vague term here] is to Europe. Therefore national parks are c entral to Americas national identity. This paper is going to evaluate the relationship that exists between Americas national identity and national parks. The paper concludes that national parks are the national identity of the United States of America. National parks express a certain aspect of the national identity of the US? To say they are equivalent may be stretching it . . . The first national park in the world was established in 1872  [4]  . This is Yellowstone National Park. Yellowstone National Park became the first large scale wilderness conservation in the interest of the public and more so the generations to come. The rest of the world learnt the idea of national parks from America. Each country launched its own version of parks but the American model was the one that was largely used. To Americans, wilderness is not only idea but rather it is the objective of many who are seeking outdoor recreational activities. [clarify] According to Roderick Nashi, wilderness is a state of mind; the feeling of being far from civilization, from the environment that humans have polluted.  [5]   Natural landscapes which form the national parks are fundamental subjects in the understanding of national identity. This is so because nature as opposed to culture has increasingly become a source of national identity. National identity therefore can be seen as a heritage of nature. You need to make these connections clearer maybe talk about the issue of the frontier thesis? According to Howard and Graham  [6]  , the role of the natural landscapes in shaping national identity is increased by the fundamental link between ideas of the national, the native and the natural in which the prefix nat refers to a notion of birthing. Howard and Graham argue that the nation is therefore logically made up of the natives who have been born as a community of nature that gives the nation its common identity. Cite and make sure this is your language. A large number of national songs sing in praise of the nations natural landscape, for example America the Beautiful which celebrates Americas purple mountain which stands majestically above the plains and stretching from sea to sea  [7]  . There are also a great number of museums and theatres that are decorated using landscape images of natural scenes. Such as? You need to set up a more systematic organization at the outset here : introduction with your thesis; historiography how have historians written about national parks; and then perhaps background. Right now I feel like you are jumping around a bit too much. When the European settlers arrived from Europe they settled in the eastern shores of what would become the United States. However with time the population grew rapidly and with it came the need to push further west. This led the settlers into what was referred to as the Wild West. The settlers portray the Wild West as an area that had not been occupied, though we know that the Native Indians occupied the area. By so doing the settlers saw themselves as a new nation in which different people from diverse nationalities were reborn as one nation in the wild nature of the new continent. Citations! The importance of the Wild West in the history of the U.S cannot be overemphasized. Many Americans identified themselves as Americans from having been born in the continents Wild nature. Can you show this with primary sources? Due to the importance of the wild nature in rebirth of the U.S [?] it became essential to conserve part of the wilderness undisturbed in order to act like a reminder of the countrys rebirth. [could be clearer] This need acted as the ideological basis for forming national parks in the 1880s. The national parks were started in large areas with wild nature. The aim was to preserve these areas for future generations. Citations! The national parks exist to protect salient natural areas from threat of human destruction through political social and economic development. This preserves the wilderness as it was when the European settlers took possession of the land. Indeed it is this wilderness that defined Americas national identity from the time the nation was established  [8]  . [you need to SHOW this through analysis -not assert it] Construction of the American national identity is rooted deeply in nature that the two are inseparable. Awk This is in contrast to European nations, whose national identity is derived from sharing a common language, ethnic or racial heritage, religion or cultural history. America is a nation of diverse languages, diverse ethnic groups, of all races race, with virtually every religion represented and of a people with diverse cultural background  [9]  . Repetitive Race, language, ethnic group, religion and culture could not therefore be the American national identity. Amer icans found a rallying call in nature, in exploring the wilderness in the west and when much of it was getting depleted, the government started the idea of national parks aimed at protecting large swathes of the untamed wilderness for future generations. This gets repetitive youve made all these points in different places already. The national park concept has been said to be the most successful idea yet conceived in the protection of the environment.who said this? It is an American idea that spread around the globe  [10]  . The national parks were started to preserve natural and cultural heritage. Americans were particularly concerned about preservation of the natural environment for the sake of those who would want to vacation outdoors. Nature and sceneries were to be protected for the enjoyment of all human beings. In these wildernesses, people would find a serene atmosphere to relax away from the pollution that civilization engineered. Connect these themes to national identity a way for Americans to experience their land? Seeing the true America rather than the cities? The Wild West had been largely cleared by settlers and conservationists realized that unless action was taken, the whole land would be taken over by civilization denying future generations a chance of learning the history of their founding further or the culture. [unclear] Therefore preservationist and conservationist started creating awareness of the need to set aside large portions of the remaining wilderness. This process did not gain momentum until the latter half of the 19th century. From thence the first national park was established in 1872 with others following albeit at a slow pace  [11]  . [repetitive] Not all the areas that were designated as national parks were without human habitation; some areas were already inhabited by either the Native Indians or by white settlers also called frontier farmers. When the boundaries of the national parks were drawn, some of these groups met themselves [?] inside the area that had been demarcated as a national park. The federal government had then to move them out. With some resisting to be taken out of what was their rightful possession, the Federal government was forced to apply force in removing them. [awk] This resulted in long standing grudges between the communities that were forcibly removed from the designated parks and the government  [12]  . In Yellowstone national park, for example, the Indians were forcibly relocated. This caused long standing grudge between the federal government and the Indians and between the Indians and the white population whom they viewed as the government. The Indians responded by firing at tourists who visited the park. Tourists visiting the park had to do so under protection from security agencies  [13]  . The sheepherders and lumbermen had to look for new ways to feed their families. The activities that were legal, the source of livelihood that they had lived on and not only them but the generations of descendants back there was declared illegal and refused. This was of course. Youve got good secondary sources Im waiting to see what you do with the primary sources. To these Indians and frontier whites whose farms were taken away as part of parks, they would not understand how the same thing that they were living on in the days gone by could now be declared illegal. Awk The lives of the Indians were shattered. This is because their way of life had been interrupted and declared illegal henceforth. Hunting and fishing, that had always been part of their lives was termed as poaching while foraging would now be termed as trespass both of them now acts punishable by law. Cite. Examples? The deep-seated anger this action brought to the Indians is manifest today. Some Native Indians that like the Blackfeet, representing about on, have running cases against Glacier national park. They are demanding recognition according to 1895 legislation  [14]  . Awk; and you cite a source from 1901, so Im not sure how this reflects feelings of today. Obsession with pristine and uninhabited wilderness provided many misconstrued ideas and facts that led to brutal confrontations between those for conservation and preservation and those trying to provide a decent meal for them and their children. unclearThe National Park Service Act of 1916 established the dogma for park management, the chief policy for philosophy, policies and decision-making  [15]  . And? What do you want to say in this paragraph? The use of national parks as a symbol of national identity is based on two-fold role in reinforcing national identity: the national park system helps to passively express that national identity and to passively transmit it. Im not sure what this means. The national parks are an integral part of American life. Their use is extensive; they are used in post cards, in picture movies, depict and symbolize what America is  [16]  . Yes The initial impetus for starting the national parks system was the desire to have a unique national identity. Was that stated explicity? Sources? Preservation of the best scenic sites in the U.S was seen as what would create a differentiation between the United States and the European Countries. Parks would be a way for the young United States to compete with European countries which already had established national identities based of their cultures that they had build over thousands of years. The adventurers nature of the American people and their love for the wild would also blend well with national parks as a national symbol. Parks express the American identity. In addition to expressing the goals shared by society, parks play a major role in transmitting those values to the society at large and members of the national community  [17]  . I think all these points are interesting but you are essentially repeating the same things, and you havent illustrated your points with supporting evidence from primary sources. National parks are created through a political process and may even reflect the political thought of the day. Having realized the political dimension involved the establishment of national parks; conservationists have devised ways of engaging politicians in nature conservation. When? The relationship between politics and national parks is further demonstrated in the construction of nation-states, more so the evolution of national identity. Totally unclear Identity development involves the mobilization of images, myths and so on  [18]  . [is this your language?] The concept of wilderness was central in the evolution of American identity, with Yellowstone National Park representing American cultural iconography while at the same time creating confidence among the members of the public in the industrializing nation  [19]  .[watch language] A common political concept of national parks has developed in the area of national identity. Unclear This is not a surprise because earlier c oncepts of national parks have been permeated with nationalist aspirations. The American landscape, in fact, emerged as a strong source of national identity construction  [20]  . This paragraph is unclear to me, and it also repeats points youve made earlier. The appropriation of national parks as an American national symbol, like all other nationalism, was exclusionary. Native Americans were not included in a nationalism that had been established on the very land they occupied. In that sense, Yellowstone National Park was symbolic of a nation that was divided between the settlers and the natives. Interesting point Beinart and Coates argue that Americans attempted to create national identity out of natural grandeur because the United States found it difficult to compete with Europe in high cultural stakes. Youve said this. Citation? To get a deeper insight into the relationship between America national identity and national parks, it is important to pay closer attention to a number of parks. This is not a paragraph. Yellowstone national park is the first national park in the world. By next year, the park will be celebrating its 140 years. The park measures 2.2million acres  [21]  . The area was sparsely populated at the time of starting the park but the government had an oversight that of how things will be in future. unclear Inside the designated area there was human settlings mostly made up of Native Indians and a few Frontier farmers. Youve said this already The government acquired all private land within the demarcated area and evacuated the people. The Native Indians having lived in this area did not welcome the relocation. However the government ensured they do. [?] This left the Indians bitter. To revenge the Indians continued hunting in the protected area as if unaware the new change of status. They also attacked the tourist who came to visit. This prompted the government to send the Calvary troops there in 1886 to stop poaching and to protect the tourist  [22]  . The Calvary sol diers went to Yellowstone and built Fort Yellowstone where they stayed until 1916 when the National Park Service (NPS) was established through the Organic Act of 1916. Youve said much of this already. Please combine the same points in one area of the paper. Yellowstone was used by the 19th century American Indian belonging to the Crow, Blackfoot, Shoshone and Bannock tribes  [23]  . unclear Some continued to live in the park even after it was designated. However in 1877 there were troubles which occasioned three hundred deaths. The Indians were forcibly removed to the Wind River Reservation. The Calvary soldiers were brought in and they protected the park between 1886 and 1918. Basically repetitive The removal of Indians follows a pattern of their removal from their farmlands to give way for settler farmers only that this time they were removed to provide vacation sites for tourists majority of them who were whites. Were the parks explicitly established for tourism? You need to bring in primary sources to discuss this. The African Americans and the Latinos did not go to the national parks often because they did not find them welcoming  [24]  . When? sources? Yellowstone is home to over 1100 structures associated with Euro-American occupation and management of the park. The legacy of early civilian and army administration and the history of concessions in national parks are preserved. ? Some of the historic landmarks are; Fishing Bridge Trailside Museum, Madison Junction Trailside Museum, Obsidian Cliff, Northeast Entrance Station, Norris Geyser Basin Trailside Museum and Old Faithful Inn. Why do you need to list these? The park has four National Historic Districts: Lake Fish Hatchery, Mammoth Hot Springs, Old Faithful and Roosevelt Lodge. The park is also home to five National Historic Sites: Lake Hotel, Lamar Buffalo Ranch, Obsidian Cliff Kiosk, Queens Laundry Bath House and the U.S Post Office at Mammoth Hot Springs. The park is also home to 200,000 natural and cultural objects including artwork, ethnographic and archeological artifacts  [25]  . Im not sure why you need this paragraph. A substantial history of the United States is kept in the national parks. These are central to the national identity of the nation. How? What is the history that is preserved there? As seen above the history of Yellowstone national park is closely intertwined with the history of the United States to the extent that the nation can be seen through the park. But you havent illustrated this with primary sources. Its a good point, but you need to demonstrate it, not assert it. Glacier National Park with its many peaks, clear waters, and glacial curved mountains reflects Americas identity. As previously mentioned, Americas national identity is defined by her landscape the most spectacular being protected in national parks. Awk Throughout history, people visited Glacier National Park for the adventure it provides. Evidence of human habitation in this area goes back to 10,000 years ago. By the time of Europeans arrival, the area was inhabited by Native Indians of the Blackfeet, Salish and Kootenai tribes. They travelled to the mountains to hunt various kinds of game that were available in this place. Citations? Significance? The Europeans were attracted to the area primarily for economic gain. Some came as explorers, others as miners and eventually the settlers arrived. The Great Northern Railway reached Montana in 1891 and from thence great number of people flocked to the area attracted by prospects of mining and other economic activities  [26]  . Around the turn of the century, people began to look at Montana region as an area that was suitable for something more than farming or mining. They recognized that the area was exceptionally beautiful in reference to the landscape. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, influential leader led by George Grill began pushing for the establishment of a national park. Their desire was granted in 1910 when President Taft signed into law the bill establishing Glacier as the 10th national park  [27]  . But why is this significant in terms of your argument? The park has many historic buildings that are listed by the National Register of Historic Places. The park is home to 375 historic properties including six that are designated as National Historic Landmarks. The parks museum houses around 6,000 items related to its natural and cultural history  [28]  . These historic properties tell the history of the United States. What history do they communicate? Glacier as a national park is therefore related to the national identity of the United States because it is home to some of the most iconic landscape in North America. You cant just state this. . . . Yosemite is one of the United States most well-known National Parks. It largely covers the eastern parts of Tuolumne, Madera and Mariposa counties of California and covers an area of 761,268 acres  [29]  . The national park is governed by National Park Service and is recognized worldwide for its clear streams, groves, granite cliffs, waterfalls and its biological diversity. The park has a range of 648 to 3,997 meters above sea level and is divided into five major vegetation zones: chaparral/oak woodland, lower montane, upper montane, subalpine and alpine. There are more than 160 rare plants in the park. Most of the landforms in Yosemite are cut from the granitic rock of the Sierra Nevada Batholiths. About 5% of the parks landforms are metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rock. The valleys, canyons, domes and other features seen in the park were formed as a result of erosion acting upon different types of uplift-created joints. Citations? Significance? Yosemites most outstanding features include the tunnel view, which is the most visited area and also the most photographed; a prominent granite cliff that looms over the valley, the El Captain, which is has diverse range of climbing routes and full-yearly accessibility thus making it the most popular rock climbing destination in the world. The high parts of Yosemite contain spectacular areas such as: Dana meadows, Tuolumne meadows, the Clark range, the Cathedral Range and the Kuna crest. In addition, the park has three groves of ancient Giant Sequoia trees, the Mariposa Grove, the Tuolumne Grove and the Merced Grove. These tree species grow larger in volume than any other and is one of the tallest and longest lived. Citations? I just found some of this information on a website, and you are not citing . . . Yosemite falls under a Mediterranean climate with mean daily temperatures ranging from 25 to 53 degrees Fahrenheit. Most precipitation occurs during the mild winter, and the remaining seasons stay almost dry. Snow accumulates all winter and into March and April. It however does not persist on the ground until November in the high country. At areas above 8,000 feet, the hot and dry temperatures are moderated by frequent thunderstorms, during summer, along with snow in July. This combination of low relative humidity, dry vegetation and thunderstorms results in frequent lightning-caused fires  [30]  . The park contains about 3200 lakes, two reservoirs and 1,700 miles of streams. Landforms in the park have been created as a result of hydrologic processes, including glaciations, flooding and fluvial geomorphic response. Yosemite is popular for its high concentration of waterfalls in a small area. These include: Yosemite falls and Ribbon falls both found in the Yosemite Valley, Bridal veil fall that is seen from the Tunnel View viewpoint and Wapama Falls in Hetch Hetchy Valley  [31]  . Paiute and Sierra Miwok are the people who lived in Yosemite area long before the whites explored into the region. The Ahwahneechee, who were Native Americans, lived in Yosemite Valley when the first foreign people entered .White travel increased in the area in the mid-19th century due to the California Gold Rush  [32]  . Jim Savage of the States Army led the Mariposa Battalion in 1851 to the west end of Yosemite Valley in while pursuing around 200 Ahwahneechees led by Chief Tenaya as part of Mariposa wars. Chief Tenaya founded the Pai-Ute colony of Ah-wa-nee. The Miwoks, most white settlers, saw the Ahwahneechee as violent owing to frequent territorial disputes. Tenaya and all the Ahwahneechee were later captured and their village burned; they were moved to a reservation in California near Fresno  [33]  . When some were later allowed to return to Yosemite Valley, they attacked a group of gold miners, which got them into trouble. They flew to the east and sought refuge with the Mono tribe at Mono Lake but were tracked down and most killed by Mono Paiutes after they stole some of their hosts horses in 1853.Chief Tenaya was killed in the attack and survivors were taken back to Mono Lake and they were absorbed into Mono Lake Paiute tribe. An Indian Village of Ahwanhee was reconstructed and is located behind the Yosemite Museum next to Yosemite Valley  [34]  . In 1855, James Masons Hutchings, an entrepreneur and artist Thomas Ayers toured the Yosemite Valley area. They created articles and magazine issues about Yosemite Valley thus responsible for most of the earliest publicity about Yosemite  [35]  . Wawona was an Indian encampment, now in the southwestern part of the park. Mariposa Grove of Giant Sequoia was discovered Galen Clark, a settler. Simple lodgings and roads were built in the area. The number of trails and hotels increased as tourism increased. Prominent citizens including Galen Clark and Senator John Conness, concerned by the effects of commercial interests, advocated for protection of the area. A park bill was passed by both houses of the U.S congress and was signed by President Abraham Lincoln on June 30, 1864, creating the Yosemite Grant. The park was to be set aside specifically for public use and thereby creating the first national park. It is believed that man lived in the Rocky Mountains about 10,000 years ago. The Utes lived in the mountains of West Colorado. As the Arapaho, who were plains Indians who came to the Estes Park frequently in summer to hunt, migrated westwards the Americans moved out from Appalachian  [36]  . With the arrival of Americans, Indians avoided Estes Park and Grand Lake area. Rufus Sage is the first American to have visited the region. He spent three years exploring the Rockies. Joel Estes, a Kentuckian, was the first settler. He brought his family in 1859 and eventually settled as a farmer near Fort Lupton. A few homes were set up in the upper Colorado Valley in 1879 and by 1880 people moved in to Lulu city where some gold discoveries had been made. A few homes were set up in the upper Colorado Valley in 1879 and by 1880 people moved in to Lulu city where some gold discoveries had been made  [37]  . In 1883 the town was deserted. As a result of publicity and political pressure, a b ill was passed in 1915 and signed by President Wilson to establish the Rocky Mountains National Park the Parks dedication was conducted in September 4, 19

Cryogenics: Is It Worth Waiting For? :: essays research papers fc

Cryogenics: Is It Worth Waiting For Imagine being frozen in time to escape a deadly illness, then getting warmed when a cure is found. There is question on whether cryogenic methods should be used. To fully understand cryogenics a knowledge of cold, background information on some branches of cryogenics, some problems with cryopresevation, and different peoples views towards cryogenics is needed. "Cold is usually considered hostile to mankind. Most people hate cold and with reasons." If not careful, cold can be deadly to animal and human life, but it can also help cure, because cold bodies perform functions slower (Kavaler 16- 17). Measurement of temperature is extremely important in cryogenics and the temperatures must be exact. The standard for scientific temperature measurement is the Kelvin scale. On the Kelvin scale absolute zero has a value of zero degrees on the thermometer. In theory no substance can be lowered to or below zero degrees Kelvin or absolute zero. Temperatures in cryobiology range from zero degrees Celsius--water freezes--to just above negative two hundred and seventy three point sixteen degrees Celsius--absolute zero. The word "Cryogenics" comes from the Greek word â€Å"kryos† meaning cold (â€Å"Cryogenics† Raintree 127, Kavaler 16). The science of cryobiology was first recognized in the early nineteen sixties. Cryobiology is the study of the effects of extremely low temperatures on living animals and plants. The chief concern in cryobiology is to preserve living matter for future use. This method can also be called cryopreservation. Cryotherapy is the use of extreme cold in treatment. The first trials of cryotherapy proved with great results (â€Å"Cryobiology† Comptons 1, McGrady 97). Frozen cells can be kept alive for very long periods of time in a state of â€Å"suspended animation.† Almost immediately after rapid thawing, the frozen cells regain normal activity. Cooling of the body causes a loss of feeling, therefore it can be used as anesthesia in surgery. Since certain drugs don’t affect healthy cells at low temperatures, the drugs can be safely used against cancerous tumors in the body. Cryogenics also helps in the preservation and storage of human tissues. Tissues such as eye corneas, skin, and blood that were rapidly frozen can be stored in â€Å"banks† for later use. Then skin can be grafted to burn victims and eye corneas can replace damaged ones. Thanks to Cryobiology blood can be frozen and stored for indefinitely for many years as opposed to only three weeks as it was before cryogenic technology was used. Surgeons can use a cryoscapel, freezing tips, to deaden or destroy tissue with great accuracy and little bloodshed (â€Å"Cryogenics† Academic 350, â€Å"Cryobiology† World Book 929).

The World from Brown’s Lounge

With The World from Brown's Lounge: An Ethnography of Black Middle-Class Play Michael J. Bell provides a narrative and interpretation of the play behavior of middle class blacks within the context of Brown's Lounge, a neighborhood bar in West Philadelphia. At the time he did his field research at Brown's, Bell was a white, male, doctoral candidate at the University of Pennsylvania. The book appears to be either his original dissertation or a somewhat edited dissertation.The prose is accessible and not marked by the frequent subordinate clauses and qualification of statements that mars a good deal of academic writing (Bell xi, 1-7). According to Bell The World from Brown's Lounge is a â€Å"study in black American folklore† (Bell ix). However he does not use the word folklore in the traditional sense of myths, tales, and traditions usually passed on orally or through folk art, but rather as the â€Å"artistic communication . . . used by ordinary people . . .[that] links us tog ether in our day-to-day interactions† (Bell ix). This folklore is studied in context, not merely as an academic exercise that might be done by reading a textbook about the folk beliefs of a people without regard to their lives. Bell describes what he saw in Brown's and claims that it is folklore but pointedly refuses engage in an argument as to whether or not the material in the book is in fact folklore. For the purposes of The World from Brown's Lounge the reader must assume that the book is folklore.Frankly, this distinction seems artificial; the text can and should be judged on its methodology and analysis and not on attempts to fit the book to a particular niche genre. Bell claims that the black middle class is (or at least was at the time the book was written) largely ignored in research with the focus being on the behavior and lifestyle of the poorer class. Even when the middle class has been addressed it has tended to interview individuals who â€Å"exemplified† their race and not observe members of the black middle class acting with each other.In essence Bell contends that at that time the research was done, the literature failed to recognize that the black middle class existed at all (Bell 1-5). The methodology Bell used was to sit in Brown's Bar at various times throughout the day, observing the patrons and participating in their interactions for a period of about eighteen months beginning in 1972. The observation periods were typically three hours each. Bell describes himself as an active participant as he engaged in the discussions that occurred at Brown's as well as participating in the consumption of alcohol.The regular patrons were aware of what he was doing and that descriptions of their activities might appear in his doctoral dissertation and possible a subsequent book. Bell recorded the conversations that occurred so that he might study them later. In addition any individual who wished to could listen to any tapes, but no one cho se to do so. Although Bell was aware that his presence in the â€Å"black† bar would affect the patrons, by being up front with them he hoped to minimize his affects on the patrons.In the process Bell did extended interviews with some of the key patrons (Bell 1-5). Interestingly he received a grant to engage in this research, which is good work if you can get it. Bell intended that his work describe how the day-to-day activities in a neighborhood bar reflect the values of the members of the neighborhood. He claims the study describes how the activities at Brown's allow the patrons to conform to â€Å"their desire to create and live within a world that allows them to be both black and middle class† (Bell 5).To do this he describes interactions between the patrons, at times actually quoting entire conversations and then attempts to classify and analyze them. These conversations are, at times, interesting, but are common to many social situations and not indications of mi ddle class black behavior in the 1970s. Bell tries to make them so however. He claims that this behavior is an example of middle class blacks playing with each other verbally and non-verbally by â€Å"talking shit,† â€Å"styling,† and â€Å"profiling† (Bell). Bell writes that these conversations are improvisations with deep, sophisticated meaning for middle class blacks.For example in a discussion on page 110 and analyzed on page 111 Bell offers the following. The bartender Harriet asks the customers generally, â€Å"was a . . . was a . . . (four-second silence) Jimmy Sailor in here yesterday? † One of the patrons, Gill replies, â€Å"I didn't see him. † From these two sentences Bell draws the following analysis. Harriet was seeking direct information. Gill responded in the same fashion as â€Å"if it were a request for information and nothing else. † This is straightforward enough and patently obvious.However Bell is not satisfied with thi s explanation and seeks a deeper meaning, â€Å"[i]n asking after Jimmy, Harriet made it clear that she believed that it was appropriate for her to know his whereabouts. † One feels the need to ask why Bell decide would emphasize such a point. Fundamentally he may be correct, but a simpler, more straightforward conclusion seems to be preferable; Harriet was curious about Jimmy. It is difficult to believe that at anytime during this process that Harriet consciously assumed it was proper for her to know where Jimmy was the day before.Similarly, Bell analyzes other conversations throughout the book. Instead of taking the discussions at face value Bell appears to believe each â€Å"interaction is a continuous exchange of images of self—of who and what one is—in order to convince the others present that all present are capable of acting coherently and correctly† (Bell 8). This belief implies that each person at Brown's is taking part in an improvisation perfor mance determined to establish himself as an individual person and as a member of the group.In reality, it is far more likely that such conversations at Brown's and similar ones at other bars and coffee shops are just that, conversations between people trying to relax and have a good time. The book suffers from a variety of problems besides the over analysis mentioned above. While reading the book one feels that Bell was describing a species that he is completely unrelated to in the same way that a zoologist might describe the behavior of a species of bird or mammal.Although the motivation for this distance appears to be an attempt to be as neutral as possible, certainly a laudable goal, when Bell describes or analyzes the activities in Brown's and fails to place them within the contact of being middle class, black, or even human the book suffers. In fact, Bell states this is what he is doing in the preface, instead of limiting his study to a particular ethnic group, age group, or oc cupation Bell defines his study to a particular place, Brown's (Bell x). This tightly focused limitation seems to greatly restrict the relevance of Bell's work to other situations or people.Despite this self-imposed limitation, Bell makes frequent references to the behavior the middle class, though in Brown's it is not the middle class, it is the only class. Bell's research lacks a clearly defined identity. Although Bell purports to be providing a description of description of the black middle class at play, he provides no insight as to how the behavior of the middle class patrons differs from or is similar to the behavior of lower or upper class blacks as well as the behavior of classes of other races in their own neighborhood bar.Much of the behavior Bell describes seems to be no different than one might see in any local bar or coffee shop for even by watching a rerun of the television comedy Cheers. As pointed out in â€Å"A Note on the Author† in the last page of the book , Bell received his PhD and at the time of publication was an associate professor of English and folklore at Wayne State University. In addition he has published a variety of articles on urban folklore in a number of scholarly journals.A quick search of the databases at Questia reveal a number of books that referred to The World from Brown's Lounge, but for the most parts these were merely listings in the bibliographies at the back of these books, although Loic Wacquant refers to it in 2004 as a â€Å"fine book† in Body & Soul: Notebooks of an Apprentice Boxer (181). All in all, Bell has adequate, if not impressive academic credentials in this area. The book could do with more careful editing. Although naturally the conversation among the patrons should not be edited, when Bell is providing narrative he should maintain consistent, grammatically correct standards.An example of a failure to do so is his inconsistent of his treatment of some words. For example, the term â€Å"m iddle-class† appears in the book's title and on page 1 and â€Å"middle class† on page 5 even though both are used to describe the same thing. Occasionally Bell uses questionable grammatical constructions that should be corrected as well. To his credit, Bell uses occasional inline citations and provides an extensive bibliography that is useful. The World from Brown's Lounge has no index, a feature that would prove useful to students and scholars using the text for literary searches.Due to the unusual meanings of many of the words used in the context of Brown's a glossary would be helpful as well. Ultimately the book is not particularly satisfying. Perhaps in 1972 when the research was done or in 1983 when the book was published the book had more impact, but in today's world The World from Brown's Lounge seems remarkably flat and uninteresting. One questions just what if anything Bell contributed to anthropological academic knowledge that justified his receiving a PhD wi th this dissertation supporting his candidacy, much less what justified its subsequent publication as a book.Although some of the play was interesting to read, Bell's over analysis reduced it the trivial. Bell's attempts to provide significance to ordinary conversations in a bar read more like long academic stretches in hopes of securing a doctorate than to do meaningful work. Works Cited Bell, Michael J. The World from Brown's Lounge: An Ethnography of Black Middle-Class Play. Urbana, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1983 Wacquant, Loic. Body & Soul: Notebooks of an Apprentice Boxer. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

The Effects of HIV on the Body

HIV is a fascinating disease because of the fact that you do not actually die from the disease itself; you die from another, potentially harmless, disease, which your body cannot protect against due to its weakened immune system. In order to understand this better, it is important to understand how HIV affects the body. HIV weakens the body’s immune system by attacking T4 lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. These T4 helper cells are called this because they have a receptor molecule on their surface called, CD4. The T4 cells don’t create antibody but they are responsible for chemically communicating, using chemokine, with other white blood cells in order to â€Å"launch an attack† on a virus. The HIV cells contain two viral proteins that are directly involved in the process of infecting someone, these proteins are called gp41 and gp120. The â€Å"CD4 on the surface of the T cell allows for the docking of gp120; once docked, the gp120 changes its shape so that it can bind to the chemokine receptor (called CCR5), and fusion and entry of HIV take place after binding. Sherman p. 178)† It is not known exactly how the viral proteins deplete T4 cells but it is believed to â€Å"involve a depression in the ability to expand their numbers. (Sherman p. 178)† Once the T4 cells reach 400 to 800 cells/mm^3, as opposed to the healthy 1,000 or more T4 cells/mm^3, the first opportunistic infections can arise. This refers to infections that would normally not cause a disease, or a t least nothing life threatening, but given the bodies weakened immune system begins to cause serious health problems for the individual. After this point things become dangerous, but can still be turned around, however if a persons T4 count reaches 200, they officially have AIDS. Once someone has gotten AIDS, there is little to nothing a doctor can do because their immune system is so damaged that they can barely fight off a cold. At this point the person’s immune system is so damaged that they could very easily die from something like pneumonia or meningitis. As the infected decline further they become more and more susceptible to disease and even something like herpes, which is almost always not fatal, can cause death. Once a person reaches the 100 T4 cells/mm^3 mark there is no telling what could kill them, it could even be something as simple as a cold or influenza. The good news is that, although there are no cures for AIDS, there are some options for controlling HIV before it reaches the AIDS state. The first AIDS treatment, which is still used today, is an antitumor compound called azidothymidine (AZT). AZT was developed in 1964 by a pair of chemists-pharmacologists named George Hitchings and Gertrude Elion who had created several other antitumor drugs. AZT works by delaying â€Å"the onset of AIDS by inhibiting viral multiplication†¦AZT jam’s the cell’s copier and, in do doing, blocks the synthesis of new virus particles. (Sherman p. 184)† There are several other drugs called nucleoside analogs that also block the synthesis of viral nucleic acids, and are generally used along with AZT to make the famous â€Å"drug cocktail. † Another treatment option is a combination of protease inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The protease inhibitors work by preventing the viral enzyme, protease, from cutting viral proteins into shorter pieces. If short viral proteins cannot be produced then a complete virus cannot be assembled. The reverse transcriptase inhibitors work by blocking viral replication. This combination of drugs is able to significantly reduce virus production, up to 90-99%. The only problem with these treatments is that they are expensive and need to be taken daily. Although there is no cure for HIV/AIDS there is constant research being done on the possibility of creating some sort of vaccine that would be able to prevent HIV and, at least, slow the development of new HIV cell in those who are already infected. So far there have been some advancements but nothing has been created that would be effective or stable enough. That being said, the continuing efforts of the medical field and breakthroughs in treatment, we are moving closer and closer to the possibility of having some kind of vaccine and maybe someday a cure.